Introduction The United Kingdom impose several sanctions on persons, legal entities, and government officials to encourage Russia to respect the territorial integrity of Ukraine. The UK impose financial, trade, immigration and shipping sanctions, and they are regulated in the Russia (Sanctions) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (the ‘Regulations’). The Regulations apply…

The INCOTERMS rules published by the ICC (International Chamber of Commerce) to prevent disputes between the parties in international trade and to ensure the smooth conduct of trade are the abbreviated name of the concepts (“International Commercial Terms”) on the forms of delivery in import and export. The forms of…

Introduction The International Cotton Association (“the ICA”) is the world’s leading international cotton trade association and arbitral body. The ICA began life 180 years ago in 1841 in Liverpool, UK, when a group of cotton brokers created a set of bylaws and rules to help regulate the sale and purchase…

Under FIDIC Red Book, if the Employer fails to make timely payments, the Contractor has specific remedies to address such delays: These remedy methods are given below in order; 1. Entitlement to Financing Charges According to FIDIC Red Book Sub-Clause 14.8 titled “Delay in Payment”, if the Contractor does not receive…

In the decision numbered C-109/23, the Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU”) ruled that a notary’s approval of the sale of a property belonging to an unlisted Russian company did not violate European Union’s (“EU”) sanctions against Russia. Pursuant to Article 5n(2a) of Council Regulation (EU) No 833/2014…